我将从多个层面详细说明前端架构设计的关键要素：

1. 项目基础架构

├── public/                 # 静态资源
├── src/
│   ├── api/               # API 接口管理
│   ├── assets/            # 项目资源文件
│   ├── components/        # 公共组件
│   ├── composables/       # 组合式函数
│   ├── config/            # 配置文件
│   ├── directives/        # 自定义指令
│   ├── hooks/             # 自定义钩子
│   ├── layouts/           # 布局组件
│   ├── router/            # 路由配置
│   ├── store/             # 状态管理
│   ├── styles/            # 全局样式
│   ├── utils/             # 工具函数
│   ├── views/             # 页面组件
│   ├── App.vue            # 根组件
│   └── main.js            # 入口文件
├── tests/                 # 测试文件
├── .env                   # 环境变量
└── package.json          

2. 核心技术栈选型

// package.json
{
  "dependencies": {
    "vue": "^3.3.0",
    "vue-router": "^4.0.0",
    "pinia": "^2.0.0",        // 状态管理
    "axios": "^1.0.0",        // HTTP 请求
    "element-plus": "^2.0.0", // UI组件库
    "vite": "^4.0.0",         // 构建工具
    "typescript": "^5.0.0",    // TypeScript
    "sass": "^1.0.0",         // CSS预处理器
    "jest": "^29.0.0"         // 单元测试
  }
}

3. API封装示例

// src/api/request.ts
import axios from 'axios'

const request = axios.create({
  baseURL: process.env.VUE_APP_API_BASE_URL,
  timeout: 5000
})

// 请求拦截器
request.interceptors.request.use(
  config => {
    const token = localStorage.getItem('token')
    if (token) {
      config.headers['Authorization'] = `Bearer ${token}`
    }
    return config
  },
  error => Promise.reject(error)
)

// 响应拦截器
request.interceptors.response.use(
  response => response.data,
  error => {
    if (error.response.status === 401) {
      // 处理未授权
      router.push('/login')
    }
    return Promise.reject(error)
  }
)

export default request

4. 状态管理设计

// src/store/modules/user.ts
import { defineStore } from 'pinia'

export const useUserStore = defineStore('user', {
  state: () => ({
    userInfo: null,
    token: localStorage.getItem('token') || ''
  }),
  
  actions: {
    async login(credentials) {
      try {
        const data = await loginApi(credentials)
        this.setUserInfo(data.user)
        this.setToken(data.token)
      } catch (error) {
        throw error
      }
    },
    
    setUserInfo(user) {
      this.userInfo = user
    },
    
    setToken(token) {
      this.token = token
      localStorage.setItem('token', token)
    }
  }
})

5. 路由配置与权限控制

// src/router/index.ts
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import { useUserStore } from '@/store/modules/user'

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/login',
    component: () => import('@/views/Login.vue'),
    meta: { requiresAuth: false }
  },
  {
    path: '/',
    component: () => import('@/layouts/Default.vue'),
    children: [
      {
        path: 'dashboard',
        component: () => import('@/views/Dashboard.vue'),
        meta: { 
          requiresAuth: true,
          roles: ['admin', 'user']
        }
      }
    ]
  }
]

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(),
  routes
})

router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
  const userStore = useUserStore()
  
  if (to.meta.requiresAuth && !userStore.token) {
    next('/login')
  } else {
    next()
  }
})

export default router

6. 自定义Hook示例

// src/hooks/useRequest.ts
import { ref } from 'vue'

export function useRequest(requestFn) {
  const data = ref(null)
  const loading = ref(false)
  const error = ref(null)

  async function execute(...args) {
    loading.value = true
    error.value = null
    
    try {
      const result = await requestFn(...args)
      data.value = result
    } catch (e) {
      error.value = e
    } finally {
      loading.value = false
    }
  }

  return {
    data,
    loading,
    error,
    execute
  }
}

7. 性能优化策略

// vite.config.js
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
import compression from 'vite-plugin-compression'

export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    vue(),
    compression() // Gzip压缩
  ],
  build: {
    rollupOptions: {
      output: {
        manualChunks: {
          'vendor': ['vue', 'vue-router', 'pinia'],
          'ui': ['element-plus']
        }
      }
    },
    chunkSizeWarningLimit: 1000
  }
})

8. 工具函数示例

// src/utils/index.ts
export const debounce = (fn: Function, delay: number) => {
  let timer: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null
  return function (...args: any[]) {
    if (timer) clearTimeout(timer)
    timer = setTimeout(() => {
      fn.apply(this, args)
    }, delay)
  }
}

export const formatDate = (date: Date, format = 'YYYY-MM-DD'): string => {
  // 日期格式化实现
}

export const storage = {
  set(key: string, value: any) {
    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(value))
  },
  get(key: string) {
    const value = localStorage.getItem(key)
    return value ? JSON.parse(value) : null
  }
}

9. 错误处理与监控

// src/utils/errorHandler.ts
import * as Sentry from '@sentry/vue'

export function setupErrorHandling(app) {
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
    Sentry.init({
      app,
      dsn: 'YOUR_SENTRY_DSN',
      integrations: [
        new Sentry.BrowserTracing()
      ]
    })
  }

  app.config.errorHandler = (error, instance, info) => {
    // 错误上报
    Sentry.captureException(error)
    console.error('Global Error:', error)
  }
}

10. 组件通信示例

// src/composables/useEventBus.ts
import mitt from 'mitt'

const emitter = mitt()

export function useEventBus() {
  function emit(event: string, data?: any) {
    emitter.emit(event, data)
  }

  function on(event: string, callback: Function) {
    emitter.on(event, callback)
  }

  function off(event: string, callback: Function) {
    emitter.off(event, callback)
  }

  return {
    emit,
    on,
    off
  }
}

这个架构设计考虑了以下几个关键点：

• 可维护性：清晰的目录结构和模块化设计
• 可扩展性：便于添加新功能和模块
• 性能优化：代码分割、懒加载等策略
• 安全性：API请求封装、权限控制
• 开发效率：组件复用、工具函数等
• 代码质量：TypeScript支持、错误处理